Kuhlke
Cataldo
Taylor*
This Opinion is Not a
Precedent of the TTAB
Mailed: June 29, 2019
UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
_____
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board
_____
Bootstrap Brewing
v.
Bootstrap Kombucha, LLC
_____
Opposition No. 91232950
_____
Bootstrap Brewing, LLC, pro se,
represented by its owner Leslie Kaczeus.
Bootstrap Kombucha LLP, pro se,
represented by James Farnworth, member.
_____
Before Kuhlke, Cataldo and Taylor,
Administrative Trademark Judges.
Opinion by Taylor, Administrative Trademark Judge:
Bootstrap Kombucha LLC (Applicant) has filed an application seeking
registration on the Principal Register for the standard character mark BOOTSTRAP
KOMBUCHA (KOMBUCHA disclaimed) for Kombucha tea in International Class
30.1
1Application Serial No. 87175679 was filed on September 19, 2016, and is based upon
Applicants claim of first use of the mark anywhere on September 1, 2015 and first use in
Opposition No. 91232950
Bootstrap Brewing (Opposer) has opposed registration of Applicants mark on
the ground of likelihood of confusion under Section 2(d) of the Trademark Act, 15
U.S.C. § 1052(d), based on its claim of priority of use and likelihood of confusion with
the mark in Registration No. 4191107, BOOTSTRAP (in standard characters), for
beer, ale, lager, stout and porter in International Class 32.2 1 TTABVUE. Opposer
submitted with its Notice of Opposition a copy of its pleaded registration from the
Trademark Electronic Search System (TESS) database of the USPTO showing the
then-current status and title of the registration.3
Applicant, in its answer, has denied the salient allegations in the notice of
opposition.4
I. The Record
The record consists of the pleadings and, without any action by the parties, the
file of Applicants involved application. Trademark Rule 2.122(b)(1), 37 C.F.R.
§ 2.122(b)(1).
commerce since at least as early as January 1, 2016 under Section 1(a) of the Trademark Act,
15 U.S.C. § 1051(a).
2 Issued August 14, 2012. Section 8 & 15 Affidavits, accepted and acknowledged. 1
TTABVUE. Citations in this opinion are to the TTABVUE docket entry number and, where
applicable, the electronic page number where the document or testimony appears.
3 1 TTABVUE 5. Opposer also attached as exhibits to its Notice of Opposition copies of
screenshots from the Unity Vibration Kombucha website. These materials were not properly
introduced into evidence and therefore cannot be considered. See Trademark Rule 2.122(c),
37 C.F.R. § 2.122(c) (exhibits to pleadings are not in evidence and instead must be identified
and introduced in evidence as an exhibit during the period for the taking of testimony). See
also TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD MANUAL OF PROCEDURE (TBMP) Section
704.05(a) (2019) (and cases cited therein).
4In addition, Applicant asserted various affirmative defenses that are more in the nature
of amplifications of its denials and have been treated as such.
-2-
Opposition No. 91232950
Neither Opposer nor Applicant submitted any evidence or testimony during their
assigned testimony periods.
In a decision issued March 25, 2019, Opposer was advised that the only evidence
properly of record is the TESS printout of the pleaded registration.5
Because Opposers main brief was found untimely, the briefs of record are
Applicants brief and Opposers rebuttal brief.
II. Discussion
To prevail on the ground of likelihood of confusion under Section 2(d) of the
Trademark Act, based on a previously used mark, it is the opposer’s burden to prove
by a preponderance of the evidence both priority of use and likelihood of confusion.
Cunningham v. Laser Golf Corp., 222 F.3d 943, 55 USPQ2d 1842, 1848 (Fed. Cir.
2000); Otto Roth & Co. v. Universal Foods Corp., 640 F.2d 1317, 209 USPQ 40, 43
(CCPA 1981); WeaponX Performance Prods. Ltd. v. Weapon X Motorsports, Inc., 126
USPQ2d 1034, 1040 (TTAB 2018).
Also, a threshold issue in every inter partes case is the plaintiffs standing to
challenge registration. See Empresa Cubana Del Tabaco v. Gen. Cigar Co., 753 F.3d
1270, 111 USPQ2d 1058, 1062 (Fed. Cir. 2014); Ritchie v. Simpson, 170 F.3d 1092, 50
USPQ2d 1023, 1025 (Fed. Cir. 1999); Lipton Indus., Inc. v. Ralston Purina Co., 670
F.2d 1024, 213 USPQ 185, 189 (CCPA 1982). To establish standing in an opposition,
5 The decision also found Opposers filing captioned Plaintiffs Rebuttal to Applicants
Answer to Original Notice of Opposition, even if considered Opposers brief, untimely in the
absence of a showing of excusable neglect, and that any evidence attached thereto was not
properly of record.
-3-
Opposition No. 91232950
a plaintiff must show both a real interest in the proceeding as well as a reasonable
belief of damage. Empresa Cubana Del Tabaco v. Gen. Cigar, 111 USPQ2d at 1062;
Ritchie v. Simpson, 50 USPQ2d at 1025.
If an opposer has submitted status and title copies of its federal trademark
registrations, we would find that the opposer has established its standing to oppose.
See, e.g., Cunningham v. Laser Golf Corp., 55 USPQ2d at 1844; Fort James Operating
Co. v. Royal Paper Converting Inc., 83 USPQ2d 1624, 1626 (TTAB 2007). Also, in view
of an opposers ownership of a registration, priority would not be an issue in the
opposition. See King Candy Co. v. Eunice King’s Kitchen, 496 F.2d 1400, 182 USPQ
108, 110 (CCPA 1974).
However, after a careful review of the proceeding records and the TESS printout
of Registration No. 4191107, we note a discrepancy between the named Opposer,
Bootstrap Brewing, whose entity designation is an LLC (Limited Liability
Company), and owner of the pleaded registration who is identified as Leslie Kaczeus,
an individual.
While neither party has addressed this discrepancy, in the event there was a
mistake in identifying Opposer, we look to Trademark Rule 2.102(b), 37 C.F.R.
§ 2.102(b) for guidance. Misidentified through mistake, as used in Rule 2.102(b),
means a mistake in the form of the potential opposers [or opposers] name or its entity
type, not the naming of a different existing legal entity that should have been named.
See e.g. Custom Computer Services, Inc. v. Paychex Properties, Inc., 337 F.3d 1334, 67
USPQ2d 1638, 1640 (Fed. Cir. 2003) (entity named in extensions was not a different
-4-
Opposition No. 91232950
existing legal entity from entity that filed opposition); Warren Distribution, Inc. v.
Royal Purple, LLC, 115 USPQ2d 1667, 1670-71 (TTAB 2015) (individual employee
who filed extension request a different legal entity than employer who filed notice of
opposition and, thus, cannot be considered identified through mistake); Cass Logistics
Inc. v. McKesson Corp., 27 USPQ2d 1075, 1077 (TTAB 1993) (word processing error
resulting in identification of different legal entity was not a mistake within the
meaning of the rule), See also TBMP § 303.05(c) (2019); cf. also TMEP § 803.03.
Because the record clearly shows that Bootstrap Brewing is a distinct legal entity,
namely an LLC, from that of Leslie Kaczeus, an individual, Ms. Kaczeus could not be
substituted as opposer.
It therefore follows that because Bootstrap Brewing is not the owner of pleaded
Registration No. 4191107, it is not entitled to rely on the registrations Section 7(b)
presumptions accorded an owner of the mark, i.e., that registrant is the owner of the
registered mark, that the registration is valid and subsisting, and that the registrant
has the exclusive right to use the subject mark in commerce. See 15 U.S.C. § 1057(b).
(Section 7(b) presumptions accorded to a registration on the Principal Register accrue
only to the benefit of the owner of the registration, and hence come into play only
when the registration is made of record by its owner). See, e.g., Fuld Bros., Inc. v.
Carpet Technical Service Institute, Inc., 174 USPQ 473, 475-76 (TTAB 1972)
(Notwithstanding the relationship of Associated Just Distributors, Inc. to petitioner,
it is nevertheless a separate legal entity, it is the record owner of the registration,
and, in view of the express language of Section 5 of the Statute, only the registrant
-5-
Opposition No. 91232950
can rely upon the prima facie presumptions afforded a registration under Section
7(b)).
Because Opposer failed to introduce any other testimony or evidence, Opposer
failed to meet its burden to show both a real interest in the proceeding as well as a
reasonable belief of damage. Accordingly, Opposer has not established its standing
and the opposition must be dismissed. Furthermore, because Opposer has not
demonstrated that it is the owner of Registration No. 4191107, Opposer cannot rely
upon the Section 7(b) presumptions afforded to the owner of that pleaded registration,
and may not rely upon Registration No. 4191107 for purposes of priority.
Even assuming Opposer could rely on the pleaded registration to establish its
standing and priority, it would not prevail on its Section 2(d) claim. In any likelihood
of confusion analysis, two key considerations are the similarities between the marks
and the similarities between the goods. See Federated Foods, Inc. v. Fort Howard
Paper Co., 544 F.2d 1098, 192 USPQ 24 (CCPA 1976). While the marks themselves
are substantially similar, because a relationship between the parties goods is not
apparent from the face of the respective identifications, Opposer had the burden to
prove they were commercially related. It is obvious that in the absence of any
evidence whatsoever, Opposer failed to do so.
Decision: The opposition is dismissed.
-6-